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                    <h1 class="description center-align post-title">CSS3动画基础</h1>
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                <p>介绍CSS3的动画基础以及transition和animation的写法，时间函数的应用，结合js开发优美的过渡效果，多方面结合。</p>
<p>CSS动画的特点：</p>
<ul>
<li>开发周期短</li>
<li>增加浏览页面的趣味性</li>
<li>增加用户的视觉冲击力</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="一、CSS动画介绍">一、CSS动画介绍</h2>
<p>CSS 3 既有帧动画，又有过渡动画</p>
<p>动画的两个属性：<code>transition</code>和<code>animation</code></p>
<p>动画常和<code>transform</code>属性常用，但是它并不是动画属性，它会主动开启浏览器的加速，也即实现GPU加速，让我们的动画更加细腻，不会改变原有的文档流的结构，防止页面的频繁闪现。</p>
<p>动画的兼容：IE9及之前不支持动画</p>
<p>动画的应用：</p>
<ul>
<li>功能性的菜单按钮</li>
<li>宣传用的轮播图，各种页面效果的缓冲</li>
<li>页面之间的切换过渡，网页小游戏</li>
</ul>
<p>CSS动画的扩展：<br>
Vue-transition , sniper, Animate.css, svg 等都需要动画基础</p>
<h2 id="二、CSS基础知识">二、CSS基础知识</h2>
<ol>
<li><strong>transition基础和写法</strong></li>
</ol>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/>  属性名称（property）</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 过渡效果周期和（duration）和延迟时间（delay）</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 速度效果的速度曲线（timing-function）</p>
<p>使用示范：</p>
<pre class=" language-language-css"><code class="language-language-css">.box{
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: #6d6d6d;
}
.demo-1{
  &:hover{
    width: 500px;
  }
  // linear ease
  transition: width 2s linear 2s; // ease
}
.demo-2{
  &:hover{
    transform: rotate(45deg); // 旋转45度
  }
  transition: transform 1s ease-out; 
}
</code></pre>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔴" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f534.png"/> Tips:</p>
<ul>
<li>display不能和transition一起使用</li>
<li>transition后面尽量不要跟all</li>
<li>常见的闪动可以使用perspective 和 backface-visibility</li>
</ul>
<ol start="2">
<li><strong>animation的基础和写法</strong></li>
</ol>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 动画名称（name）— @keyframes</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 动画完成的周期（duration）延迟时间（delay）</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 动画的播放速度（timing-function）</p>
<p>使用示例：</p>
<pre class=" language-language-css"><code class="language-language-css">.demo-2{
  &:hover{
    .cell{
      animation: move 2s linear;
    }
  }
  .cell{
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    background: red;
  }
}
@keyframes move{
  100%{
    transform: translateX(200px);
  }
}
</code></pre>
<p>animation相当于升级版的transition，还可以定义下列属性：</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 播放次数（iteration-count）<br>
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 播放方向（direction）即是否轮流播放和反向播放<br>
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> 停止播放的状态（fill-mode ） 是否暂停⏸️（play-state）</p>
<p><code>infinite</code>表示可以无限循环播放<br>
<code>alternate</code>表示正反向播放，<code>reverse</code>表示反向播放<br>
<code>forwards</code>表示停留在最后一帧, <code>running</code>无限播放<br>
实例：<code>animation: move 2s linear 2 alternate forwards</code></p>
<p>使用场景：<br>
跑马灯，loading<br>
animation解决了transition display：none bug<br>
跳动的元素：</p>
<pre class=" language-language-css"><code class="language-language-css">.demo-4{
  margin: 40px auto;
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: jump 2s ease-in infinite;
}
@keyframes jump{
  0%{
    transform: translateY(0px);
  }
  40%{
    transform: translateY(200px);
  }
  50%{
    transform: translateY(200px);
  }
  100%{
    transform: translateY(0px);
  }
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="三、属性详解">三、属性详解</h2>
<ol>
<li><strong>时间函数</strong>：管理着动画在单位帧内播放的速度曲线<br>
使用的是 <strong>三次贝塞尔函数</strong> 的数学函数<br>
预设值 linear ease ease-in ease-out ease-in-out</li>
</ol>
<pre class=" language-language-css"><code class="language-language-css">.loading{
  width: 108px;
  height: 108px;
  background: url(./img/loading.png) no-reapt;
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: round 1s step(12) infinite;
}
@keyframes round{
  100%{
    transform: rorate(360deg);
  }
}
.tuizi{
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  animation: run .5s steps(6) infinite;
  background: url(./img/tuzi.png) no-repeat;
}
@keyframes run{
  50%{
    background-position-x: -1200px;
  }
  100%{
    background-position-x: -2400px;
  }
}
</code></pre>
<ol start="2">
<li>过渡和动画在js中的监听</li>
</ol>
<p>js可以使动画的实现变得更加强大</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> animationstart<br>
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> animationend、transitionend<br>
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🔸" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f538.png"/> animationiteration</p>
<p>对上面的例子实现监听</p>
<pre class=" language-language-javascript"><code class="language-language-javascript">let runstart = () => { console.log('run start') }
let runend = () => { console.log('run end') }
let iteration = () => { console.log('iteration') }
let $loading = document.querySelector('.loading')
$loading.addEventListener('animationstart', runstart) 
$loading.addEventListner('animationend', runend)
$loading.addEventListner('animationiteration', iteration)
</code></pre>
<p>监听事件的兼容性</p>
<ul>
<li>在360,Safari和部分Chrome下需要webkitAnimationEnd</li>
<li>IE 和 Firebox已经做了兼容可以直接写</li>
</ul>
<pre class=" language-language-javascript"><code class="language-language-javascript">$loading.addEventListener('webkitAnimationStart', runstart) 
</code></pre>
<h2 id="四、动画实战">四、动画实战</h2>
<ol>
<li>animation落雨到红包雨的实现</li>
</ol>
<pre class=" language-language-css"><code class="language-language-css">body,html{
  height: 100%;
}
.content{
  position: realtive;
  height: 100%;
  background: #f2f2f2;
  overflow: hidden;
  .yudi{
    position: absolute;
    opciaty: 0;
    animation: drops 1.2s cubic-bezier(.54,.02,.51,.25) infinite;
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: url(../img/hongbao.png) no-repeat;
    background-size: auto 60px;
  }
}
@keyframes drops{
  0%{
    opacity: 0;
  }
  20%{
    opacity: 1;
  }
  90%{
    opacity: 1;
  }
  100%{
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translate3d(10px,100vh,-10px);
  }
}
</code></pre>
<p>使用jquery代码如下：</p>
<pre class=" language-language-javascript"><code class="language-language-javascript">let $content = $('.content');
let initNumber = 0;
for(let i = 0; i < 30; i++){
  let lefts = Math.floor(Math.random()*5+2);
  let delay = Math.floor(Math.random()*50+2);
  initNumber += lefts;        
  let $div = $('<div/>').addClass('yudi').css({            
    "left": `${initNumber}%`,            
    "top": `${lefts}%`,            
    "animation-delay": `${delay/10}s`        
  });        
  $content.append($div);
}
</code></pre>
<ol start="2">
<li>js配合动画属性实现图片无限滚动效果</li>
</ol>
<p>实现类似<code>&lt;marquee&gt;</code>的弹幕滚动效果</p>
<ol start="3">
<li>transition实现轮播效果实战</li>
</ol>
<p>实现swiper</p>
<p>三个小栗子我都在这个git仓库里<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="👉" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/12.1.5/72x72/1f449.png"/>： <a href="https://gitee.com/CaseyLu/CSS3-Animation" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CSS3 Animation</a></p>

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